Natural Sciences Major
The Natural Sciences major is ideal for students interested in understanding the world around them through the lens of scientific inquiry. This field of study encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including biology, chemistry, physics, and earth sciences, that examine the physical world and the natural processes that govern it. Natural Sciences majors engage in hands-on research and critical analysis, equipping them with the knowledge to tackle pressing global challenges in health, the environment, and technology. Whether you’re passionate about preserving ecosystems, studying human biology, or exploring the fundamental laws of nature, this major offers many career opportunities in both research and industry.
Key Facts & Statistics
- Popularity: Natural Sciences majors account for approximately 6% of all undergraduate degrees awarded in the U.S.
- Job Growth: Employment for natural science professionals is expected to grow by 5% from 2021 to 2031, driven by the increasing demand for environmental scientists, medical researchers, and engineers.
- Earning Potential: The median annual wage for natural scientists is around $70,000, with higher salaries in specialized fields like biotechnology and environmental science.
Popular Sub-majors in Natural Sciences
The Natural Sciences field includes several sub-majors that specialize in different scientific disciplines. Below are some of the most popular areas of study:
Biology
Biology majors study living organisms and their interactions with the environment. This sub-major covers everything from cellular biology to ecology and genetics.- Careers: Biologist, Environmental Scientist, Researcher, Healthcare Professional
- Average Salary: $61,000 per year
- Skills: Research, laboratory techniques, data analysis
- Length of Study: 4 years (Bachelor’s degree), 2 years for Master’s degree
Chemistry
Chemistry majors focus on the properties, composition, and reactions of matter. Students in this field gain an understanding of both organic and inorganic chemistry, as well as biochemistry.- Careers: Chemist, Pharmacologist, Chemical Engineer, Forensic Scientist
- Average Salary: $66,000 per year
- Skills: Laboratory skills, problem-solving, chemical analysis
- Length of Study: 4 years (Bachelor’s degree), 2 years for Master’s degree
Physics
Physics majors study the fundamental forces and laws that govern the universe, including mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism. This field prepares students for careers in research, technology, and engineering.- Careers: Physicist, Research Scientist, Engineer, Data Analyst
- Average Salary: $80,000 per year
- Skills: Mathematical modeling, experimental design, critical thinking
- Length of Study: 4 years (Bachelor’s degree), 2 years for Master’s degree
Environmental Science
Environmental Science majors focus on the study of ecosystems, pollution, climate change, and conservation. This sub-major integrates knowledge from biology, chemistry, and earth science to address environmental challenges.- Careers: Environmental Consultant, Ecologist, Conservation Biologist, Environmental Policy Analyst
- Average Salary: $66,000 per year
- Skills: Environmental analysis, research, sustainability practices
- Length of Study: 4 years (Bachelor’s degree), 2 years for Master’s degree
Earth Science
Earth Science majors study the physical properties of the Earth, including its structure, composition, and processes such as weather, geology, and oceanography.- Careers: Geologist, Oceanographer, Seismologist, Climate Scientist
- Average Salary: $63,000 per year
- Skills: Field research, data analysis, problem-solving
- Length of Study: 4 years (Bachelor’s degree), 2 years for Master’s degree
Astronomy and Astrophysics
This sub-major focuses on the study of celestial bodies and the universe as a whole. Students explore the physical properties of planets, stars, galaxies, and the cosmos.- Careers: Astronomer, Astrophysicist, Research Scientist, Space Consultant
- Average Salary: $85,000 per year
- Skills: Data analysis, computational modeling, research
- Length of Study: 4 years (Bachelor’s degree), 2 years for Master’s degree
Careers and Salaries in Natural Sciences
Graduates with a degree in Natural Sciences can pursue a variety of rewarding careers across different industries. Below are some top career options:
Biologist: Studies living organisms and their interactions with the environment, often working in fields like genetics, ecology, or zoology.
- Salary: $61,000 per year
- Skills: Research, laboratory techniques, data analysis
Chemist: Works in laboratories to analyze substances, develop new chemicals, and study chemical reactions. Chemists can specialize in various industries, from pharmaceuticals to environmental science.
- Salary: $66,000 per year
- Skills: Chemical analysis, laboratory skills, problem-solving
Environmental Consultant: Works with organizations to assess and improve their environmental impact, from waste management to sustainability practices.
- Salary: $67,000 per year
- Skills: Environmental analysis, data interpretation, policy knowledge
Physicist: Studies the fundamental laws of the universe, including forces, energy, and matter, and applies this knowledge in fields like engineering and medicine.
- Salary: $80,000 per year
- Skills: Mathematical modeling, experimental research, problem-solving
Geologist: Studies the Earth’s physical properties, including rocks, minerals, and land formations. Geologists work in industries like energy, mining, and environmental science.
- Salary: $64,000 per year
- Skills: Field research, geological surveying, data analysis
Astronomer: Studies celestial bodies and phenomena, contributing to our understanding of the universe. Astronomers often work in research or academic settings.
- Salary: $85,000 per year
- Skills: Data analysis, computational skills, research
Skills You’ll Gain with a Natural Sciences Major
A Natural Sciences degree provides you with a solid foundation in scientific inquiry and analytical thinking. Here are some key skills you’ll develop:
- Research Skills: Conduct experiments, collect data, and analyze results to answer scientific questions.
- Critical Thinking: Assess complex scientific problems and develop evidence-based solutions.
- Analytical Skills: Use mathematical and statistical tools to interpret data and make informed decisions.
- Laboratory Skills: Gain hands-on experience in laboratory settings, applying scientific principles to real-world experiments.
- Problem-Solving: Approach challenges from multiple perspectives and devise innovative solutions to scientific problems.
- Communication: Communicate complex scientific concepts clearly to both scientific and non-scientific audiences.
Why Choose a Natural Sciences Major?
Choosing a Natural Sciences major offers several advantages:
- Growing Demand for Scientists: With the increasing need for solutions to global issues like climate change, health, and technology, the demand for skilled natural scientists is expected to rise.
- Diverse Career Opportunities: Natural Science majors can work in research, environmental protection, healthcare, and industry, offering numerous career paths.
- Hands-on Learning: This major often involves practical research, laboratory work, and field experiences, making learning interactive and engaging.
- High Earning Potential: Careers in fields like chemistry, physics, and environmental science can lead to lucrative job opportunities, particularly in specialized sectors.
- Impactful Work: As a natural science professional, you have the opportunity to contribute to important discoveries that can shape the future of science, medicine, and the environment.